Hōbaku (捕縛) refers to a set of skills used in the Edo period of Japan for capturing and subduing criminals. These techniques were essential for the policing forces of that time, which included both high-ranking samurai and low-ranking warriors.These techniques were part of the broader martial arts training and included methods like torite and hojōjutsu, focusing on proficiency in arresting techniques.
In traditional Japanese combative systems and law-enforcement methods, hōbaku refers to apprehending and restraining a person, often after throwing, striking or controlling them or using rope, cord, or simply body mechanics.
The main techniques associated with hobaku include:
- Torite (捕手): Techniques for arresting individuals.
- Hojōjutsu (捕縄術): The art of using ropes for binding.
- Mitsu Dōgu (三つ道具): Tools specifically designed for capturing.
These skills were part of a broader martial arts training, emphasizing proficiency in both technique and strategy.
Translation
捕 (hō / toru) — to capture, seize
縛 (baku / shibaru) — to bind, tie, restrain
So hōbaku (捕縛) literally means: to capture and bind someone. In a martial arts context it means to capture, restrain, arrest, or bind a prisoner.
Sources
Hobaku: Visual Presentation of Edo Period’s Capturing Methods
Sekiguchi-ryū (関口流 柔術) Hobaku-ki (捕縛機) & Kyūsho (急所)
